Roof covering



Patented dane EQ2@ raras THEOPHILE E. WILSON AND EARL R. t. a. 2.,.;

BY, F BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

ROOF COVERING.

Application led November 23, 191.8. Serial No. 263,1569.

T0 all 'whom it may concern.'

Be it known that we, THEOPHILE H. WIL- soN, a citizen of the United States, and EARL MALTBY, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Buffalo, in the county other compositions.

One of the objects of our invention is the production of shingles or covering units so formed that when laid upon a roof they will be so exposed to the weather that winds blowingat an angle will come in contact With'the lower edges and one of the adjacent side edges of the shingle or unit and be deiected thereby so as to avoid the tendency of the wind lifting the shingle or unit from its support. j

Another object is the provision of a shingle so formed that it will cover a space at least double that covered by an ordinary shingle and so that each shingle will form part of two rows or courses.v

Another object of our invention is the production of a simple and durable shingle or coveringunit which. may be formed from any suitable composition and which is constructed of two offset parts having the appearancel lof two separate and distinct shingles arrangedA in offset relation and joined together Yat the sides` and -when aplied to a roof or other foundation, the ibwer end of one of the parts of each shingle or unit is included in one course of shingles or units andspaced from corresponding parts of adjacent shingles or units, yeach shingle or unit having a portionexposed between the lower ends of adjoining shingles or units in the course above so that each shingle or unit has a Z-shaped exposed portion giving the appearance of a thatched roof, with the advantage'that all joints are more eiiectively broken than with ordinary shingles.

A still further object is the provision of a shingle or covering unit which maybe used to equal advantage on roofs or the-sides of buildings, owing to. the spaced arrangement of the lower ends of one of the parts of each shingle lwith reference to adjacent shingles. i

`cover a surface, all

'pensed with, the material j are applied.

A stili further object of our invention is the provision of a shingle or covering unit having a wide medial or body portion and two oppositely-directed extensions oi' set with respect to each other, thus forming two connected oiset parts, one of the parts of which when applied toa roof or other foundation in conjunction with like shingles or uni-ts forms a gage for the next course of shingles, thereby eliminating the use of straight edges or chalk lines, which results in a considerable saving of time and labor in securing the shin les in. lace.

A still further object is t e provision of a covering unit so formed that when laid to joints will be edectively broken; also that the minimum quantity of material-will be employed for eachunit,

since useless parts'povered by overlying units in roof coveringsxnow in use are' disso employed in other roof coverings being utilized in our invention `to form a portion of another covj ering unit.

A still further object of our invention is the provision of a roofing unit having staggered extensions at its upper and lower edges, the unit being reversible so that either edge may be usedffor the exposed portion of the unit.

Our invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter described and more particularly set forthv inthe subjoined claims.

In the drawin Fig. 1 is a plgz-isn view of a portion ot a roof showing our improved shingles or covering units applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line 2 2, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective View of a portion of'a building having Va sloping roof to which a Vnumberof shingles or coveringunits constructed according to our invention Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a modified form of our improved shingle or covering unit.

Referring now to Figs. 1 2, 3 of the drawings, the reference numerai designates the roof foundation, and 6 a strip of roofing material applied to the lower marginal portion of said foundation' and being preferably formed of the same material as that used in the construction of our improved shingles,

owing to portions of this strip lmaterial being exposed, as will be explained hereinafter. l

7 designates our improved covering unit. In its broader sense,each unit has a body portion Ta with an extension or extensions 22 at its upper edge and an extension or extensions 23 at its lower edge. The extensions 22 at the upper edges of the units are offset with respect to the extensions 23 at the lower edges, andmore specifically describing the construction of the unit shown in Figs. 1 to 3,`in form of aduplex which each unit is in the shingle, each shingle consists of two parts 8, 9, of equal lengths offset as at 10 so that the-part 8 extends above the upper edge of the part 9 and said part 9 extends below the lower edge of the part 8. Each shin le or unit has therefore two offset upper e ges 11,' 12; two offset lower edges 13, 14;,two offset `right hand edges 15, 16, and two offset left hand edges 17, 18, one of the right hand edges being referably in line with one of the left and edges of the shingle or unit, these two lastmentioned edges being spaced apart by the offset continuation 10 of the two parts of the shingle or unit.

The shingle or unit, while having its parts of rectangular formation, may be otherwise shaped if'desired. Une. of the members or parts of each shingle or unit` has its lower right hand end joined to the upper left hand end of the other member or part so that a portion of one member or part extends upwardly beyond the upper edge of the other membenor part and a portion of said other member or part extends downwardly beyond the lower edge of the first-mentioned member or part. Each shingle or unit 'may be said to be of Z-forrnation adapted to be applied to a roof or otherfoundation, by placing the height of the a?V horizontally.

lVhen applying shingles o units constructed accordingto this invention, to a roof or other foundation, the stripof roofing material 6 is applied to the lowermost part of the foundation and is adapted to be partly lcoveredby at least the .first course of shingles or units to be applied to the foundation. After this strip of material. is fastened in place the first course of shingles. or units is applied. over said strip with the upper portion of the part 9 of each shingle or unit in contact or in close proximity to the lower portion of the part 8`of the adjoining shingle or unit.-

r covering memos strip of roofing material 6 is exposed 'through the spaces between the lower porlfastened in place with the lower edge of the part 9 of each shingle or unit alined with the lower edges of the parts 8 of the first course of shingles or units, the right hand edge of the part 9 of each shingle or unit being positioned in a line passing medially through the part 8 of one of the shingles or units yin the first course while the left hand edge ofthe part 9 of each shingle or unit is positioned in a line passing medially through the part 9 of a shingle or unit in the first course, thus the joints between the shingles or units of the firstcourse are beneath and equal distances from the side edges of the exposed portion of the part 9 4of the second course. In this manner Z-shaped portions of the shingles or units of the first course are exposed and both side edges of the lower portions of part 9 of each shingle or unit andthe lower edge thereof are exposed so that winds blowing obliquely against the shinglecovered roof or other structure will come in Contact with the corners of the shingle or unit and be defiected thereby both upwardly along one lof the side edges of the lower portion 9 and also along the lower edge thereof. thus minimizing the tendency of 'the shingles lifting from their places.

The shingles or unit-s may be nailed in place as indicated at 19, or in any other manne-r. It'will be apparent from the foregoing. that each shingle or unit forms equal parts of two courses of shingles or units, and that when ,laying one course. one-half of the course above is laid at the same time. It will also be apparent from the dotted 'lines in Fig. 1 that all joints are broken `and that the shingles or units are fully lapped so that a weather-proof covering is provided. and that owing to the zigzag or Z-shape-exposure given each shingle o r unit the roof or other foundation covered is given a thatched appearance.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4, the principle of our invention is embodied in a slab or unit 7a having double covering area of the shingle or unit disclosed in Figs. 1 to 3. The shingle or unit shown i Figs. 1 to,3 may be considered a duplexyshingle or unit, while that disclosed in the modified form shown in Fig. 4 may be termed a quadruplex shingle or unit, but the principle of our invention ma)v be extended to form a sextuplex shingle or unit or be increased to any desired width so as to cover any area of the roof, including even roll malid FJI

ing portions 20,-which correspondy with the lower portions 23 of the parts 9 of the duplex shingles or units shown in Fig. 1, areV applied to the rootin the saine relation to parts beneath as said flower portions 23 of the parts 9 shown in Fig. 1, andI this will automatically position the parts 21-projectr ing upwardly in the same relation to other parts as the upper portions 2Q of the parts 8 of the shingles'or units shown in Fig. Thus the multiple shingle or covering unit shown in Fig. 4, or any enlargement thereon, will form portions of two courses of covering material in the same manner as the shingles or units shown in Figs. 1 to 3 form parts of two courses of shingles or units.

While the shingle or roof covering constructed according to our invention is intended to be formed-0f composition material, it is nevertheless to be understood that it can be formed .of wood or any other material, and `while we have shown the two offset parts of a shingle or covering unit or the lower offset marginal regions of the covering material forming this inventionof rectangularoutline, it may., in some 1nstances where a highly ornamental coverlng is desired,` be foundadvantageous to change the outline ofthe lower ends of the two parts of the shingles or units, vor the lower offset regions ofthecovering material. It is also to be understood that the length of the downwardly projecting portions of the shingle or covering material may be varied, depending upon the degree of exposure to Vbe given the course when laid.

Ift is also tol be understood that by forme ing an extension at the upper edge and at the lower edge of the duplex shingle, or by' forming extensions at the upper edge and the loweredge of the slab orwstrip. such parts may be conveniently reversed so that either the upper marginal portion or the lower marginal portion ofthe same may serve as the exposed part whenapplied to a roof.

While our invention is entitled roof coverings, and although in some of the claims we have also used this termawe desire it to be understood that this term is not used in a restrictive sense, since the invention is adapted for covering side walls of buildings or other structures, or'to be usedfor any purpose for which shingles or rooting material are n'ow used.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is 1. A duplex shingle comprising two oblong parts offset lengthwise to provide aprojecting portion at -each end of said shingle so as to permit of exposing either end when the. shingle is laid.

2. A roof formed of covering units, each unit comprising a body portion notched at its upper andlower edges'to form extensions on said edges and having the notches `certain of said parts and extensions at both edges of equal area, the notches and extensions at one edge of alined units being staggered with reference to the notches and extensions at the other edge.' said units -being laid so that each 'forms like.

3. ,Afroof covering comprising overlying units, each unit` having a body. portion provided with a plurality of integrall parts, each part beingv substantially rectangular, having upwardlydirected extensions and the remaining parts having downwardly-directed extensions oiset with respect to said upwardly-directed extensions, said units being laid to expose Z-shaped portions of underlying units.

4. A duplex shingle comprising two oblong parts oii'set lengthwise, each of'said parts being of equal width and joined along a straight imaginary line centrally between the side edges of `the shingle, the offset portions permitting the shingle to be reversed.

5. A duplex shingle of a given width comprising two integral oiset parts, each part having a given length and being onehalf the width of the complete shingle, one part extending in the direction of its length above the other part and said other part extending in the direction of its length below said first-mentioned part so as to permit the shingle to be reversed.

6. A duplex shingle having an extension at its upper end and an extension at its lower end and' being reversible end for end.

7. A duplex shingle having like offset oblong portions and either end of which may be used as the bottom or exposed portion of the shingle.

8. -A roof covering comprising a plurality 'of overlying units, each unit having a plurality of extensions alon its vlower edge separated by notches. sai lextensions and notches being substantially ofequal width, said units to be laid so that opposite side edges of each extension are respectively in line with the center of an extension and the center of a notch ofthe unit beneath.

9. A roof covering comprising a plurality of overlying units, each unit having a body portion and an extension at the lower edge of said body portion, the lower exposed edge of said body portion and the lower edge of said extension .being of substantially equal lengths. said units being laid with the lower exposed edge of the body portion of each unit in line with the lower edge of the extension of an adjoining unit and with one of theside edges of said extension in line with the center of the extension of the unit beneath.

In testimony whereof we aiix our tures.

signa- THEOPHILE H. WILSON. EARL R. MALTBY.

partof two courses on a roof or the 

